They probably originate from Asia Minor or North Africa. They were already being cultivated in Egypt 2,500 years ago. They also became naturalised in the Mediterranean. In antiquity, they were very popular with both the Greeks and the Romans. They arrived here in Bohemia at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. Today, they are grown in both Europe and America.

They are rich in carotenes, B-group vitamins, vitamin C, iron and magnesium. Furthermore, they contain cynarin, which rejuvenates cells, protects the liver, supports the flow of bile from the liver to the duodenum, aids fat digestion, lowers cholesterol and prevents the formation of gallstones. They regulate blood sugar levels and have anti-inflammatory effects.

They influence the liver, gallbladder and heart meridians and have a refreshing to warm nature depending on the colour of the flower.